36。
[答案] B
[解析] 本题考查文章细节；根据文章第六段第三句“Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles。”可知，Moore 想用自己独特的才能去帮助别人找到微笑；故正确答案是B。
37。 What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story？
A。 Fame is a great thirst of the young。
B。 A youth is to be regarded with respect。
C。 Positive thinking and action result in success。
D。 Success means getting personal desires satisfied。
37。
[答案] C
[解析] 本题考查文章主旨；文章中一开始Moore的爸爸不让她吃糖，她想到的就是积极地解决这个问题，创立公司，生产对牙齿有益的糖。之后，她积极行动并进行相关的咨询和学习，最终成功。C选项“积极的思考和行动会带来成功。”体现了文章主旨；A选项“名声是这个年轻人渴望的。”；B选项“年轻人应该受到尊重。”D选项“成功意味着满足个人欲望。”均与文章主旨无关，故正确答案是C。
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know。 By next year， half of the calls we receive will be scams （欺诈）。 We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools， apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through。 Unfortunately， it’s too little， too late。 By the time these “solutions” （解决方案） become widely available， scammers will have moved onto cleverer means。 In the near future， it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt。 Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real。
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation （处理） and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use。 At this year’s I/O Conference， a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection。
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse。 The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision。 A decade of data breaches （数据侵入） of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name， and far more。 Armed with this knowledge， they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people。 This means， for example， that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s， tricking you into “confirming” your address， mother’s name， and card number。 Scammers follow money， so companies will be the worst hit。 A lot of business is still done over the phone， and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships。 Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually。
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks。 Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real。 That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images， showing when and who they were made by， or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications — using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp， which can be tied to your identity。
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose， and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out。
38。 How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls？
A。 Panicked。
B。 Confused。
C。 Embarrassed。
D。 Disappointed。
38。
[答案] D
[解析] 本题考查细节题；文章第一段中“Unfortunately， it’s too little， too late。 By the time these “solutions” become widely available， scammers will have moved onto cleverer means。”作者表明了自己的态度，“很不幸，这些措施太少，也太晚。这些“解决方案”能够广泛应用时，欺诈者将已进入到更聪明的方式。”作者通过指出这些“解决方案”不能有效应对，表明对这些解决方案的失望。故正确答案是D。
39。 Taking advantage of the new technologies， scammers can______。
A。 aim at victims precisely
B。 damage databases easily
C。 start campaigns rapidly
D。 spread information widely
39。
[答案] A
[解析] 本题考查细节题；文章中第三段第二句“The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision。” 意为“自动语音电话令人头疼的原因，在数量和精准度两方面，与前者关系小一些。”以及第三句“A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name， and far more。”意为“通过十几年的个人信息数据窃取，导致欺诈者能够很容易地了解你母亲的名字，以及更多信息。”通过上述论述，可以获知，利用这些新技术，欺诈者可以精准展开欺诈。故正确答案是A。
40。 What does the passage imply？
A。 Honesty is the best policy。
B。 Technologies can be double-edged。
C。 There are more solutions than problems。
D。 Credibility holds the key to development。
40。
[答案] B
[解析] 本题考查推断题；根据文章第二段“At this year’s I/O Conference， a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection。”可知新的声音技术可以给人们带来便利性，而后第三段又论述了这一技术会使现存自动语音电话问题更加糟糕，由此可推出技术有两面性，是把双刃剑。故正确答案是B。
41。 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A。 Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B。 Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C。 Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D。 How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
41。
[答案] C
[解析] 本题考查主旨题；文章在第一段提到了自助语音电话带给人们的危害，紧接下来的两段又进一步阐述这类电话带给人们危害的原因，并在倒数第二段阐述了减轻相关危害的方案，尾段最终提出信任度是很难获得又很容易失去的东西，并且，由此涉及的相关问题也会越来越难以解决。整篇文章都是在逐步阐述自助语音电话愈加危险的状况；故正确答案是C。
D
By the end of the century， if not sooner， the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate， according to a new study。
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms （海洋微生物） called phytoplankton。 Because of the way light reflects off the organisms， these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface。 Ocean colour varies from green to blue， depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton。 Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas， while reducing it in other spots， leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance。
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface， where they pull carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） into the ocean while giving off oxygen。 When these organisms die， they bury carbon in the deep ocean， an important process that helps to regulate the global climate。 But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend。 Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth， since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow， but also nutrients。
Stephanie Dutkiewicz， a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science， built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century。 In a world that warms up by 3℃， it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur。 The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer。 But in some waters， such as those of the Arctic， a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton， and these areas will turn greener。 “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing，” she said， “but the type of phytoplankton is changing。”
And why does that matter？ Phytoplankton are the base of the food web。 If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean， Dutkiewicz said， “it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive。” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain。
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable， but they could mean significant changes。 “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change，” Dutkiewicz said， “but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet。”
42。 What are the first two paragraphs mainly about？
A。 The various patterns at the ocean surface。
B。 The cause of the changes in ocean colour。
C。 The way light reflects off marine organisms。
D。 The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton。
42。
[答案] B
[解析] 本题考查主旨；通过第一段关键句的把握，“…the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate…”确定出主旨是世界大洋颜色的变化是由于大气变暖导致的。第二段作者进一步详述了大气变暖导致海洋生物的变化，从而导致海洋颜色的变化，和第一段完全吻合，进一步确定答案。故正确答案是B。
43。 What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A。 Sensitive。
B。 Beneficial。
C。 Significant。
D。 Unnoticeable。
43。
[答案] A
[解析] 本题考查猜词；分析句子核心语意。定位在该词的前一句话。“…， they bury carbon in the deep ocean， an important process that helps to regulate the global climate”该句意为“有机体在海洋中存储碳，这个过程帮助调节全球大气。”考核句中的逻辑词“但是”，决定前后感情态度相反，意思是浮游生物对大气变暖的趋势是脆弱和敏感的。故正确答案是A。
44。 What can we learn from the passage？
A。 Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem。
B。 Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes。
C。 Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate。
D。 Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener。
44。
[答案] D
[解析] 本题考查细节；定位题干位于第四段第四句。“…a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton， and these areas will turn greener。”该句意为“但是在某些海域，气候变暖给浮游植物提供成长的条件，这些水域将会变的更绿。”故正确答案是D。
45。 What is the main purpose of the passage？
A。 To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes。
B。 To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain。
C。 To explain the effects of climate change on oceans。
D。 To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton。
45。
[答案] C
[解析] 本题考查主旨；需要把控文章主旨，同时需要把重点放在最后一段。定位在最后一段but后面，“…but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet。”可知作者写作目的：海洋颜色的变化将会是其中的一个预警信号，我们真的已经改变了我们的星球。所以写作目的是作者解释气候变化对海洋的影响，故正确答案是C。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished （完成） in teams。 Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals。 ______ （46） Companies spend millions hiring top business people。 Is their money well spent？
______ （47） They focused on football， basketball and baseball。 The results are mixed。 For football and basketball， adding talented players to a team proves a good method， but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent； above that level， the team’s performance begins to decline。 Interestingly， this trend isn’t evident in baseball， where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance。
To explain this phenomenon， the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate （协调） their actions。 ______ （48） In baseball， the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates。 They conclude that when task interdependence is high， team performance will suffer when there is too much talent， while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower。 If a basketball star is， for example， trying to gain a high personal point total， he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate， affecting the team’s performance。 Young children learning to play team sports are often told， “There is no I in TEAM。” ______ （49）
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team， some players may make less effort。 Just as in a game of tug-of-war （拔河比赛）， whenever a person is added， everyone else pulls the rope with less force。
______ （50） An A-team may require a balance — not just A players， but a few generous B players as well。
A。 It‘s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent。
B。 Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent。
C。 The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention。
D。 Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship。
E。 Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world。
F。 Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent。
G。 This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball。
46。
[答案] B
[解析] 挖空方式：段中空；解题语句：空前空后一句；考查方式：承上启下。空前一句表明，“人们普遍认为构建优秀团队最好的方式是聚集顶级人才”，空后一句表明，“公司花费天价雇佣顶级商业人才”，B选项说的是“球队所有者花费数百万美金招纳顶级球员”，与前句形成承接，同时与后句出现的“Companies spend millions” 形成并列关系；故正确答案是B。
